{"id":2242,"date":"2021-07-18T13:44:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-18T11:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/?p=2242"},"modified":"2021-07-18T13:44:00","modified_gmt":"2021-07-18T11:44:00","slug":"gsoc21calibrate-sdrayush-dvb-t-for-calibration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/?p=2242","title":{"rendered":"[GSoC&#8217;21|Calibrate-SDR|Ayush] DVB-T for calibration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hi everyone. I am writing this blog to share my work progress with everyone out there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I have been working on extending the limitations in the<strong> Calibrate-SDR<\/strong> tool by adding support of <strong>DVB-T<\/strong> and<strong> DVB-T2<\/strong> (terrestrial) signals. Because these signals are broadly used in Europe, Africa, Australia, and Asia region. So can be used here to provide calibration to more SDR users.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visit here &#8211;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dtvstatus.net\/map\/map.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"> http:\/\/www.dtvstatus.net\/map\/map.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ee\/Digital_terrestrial_television_standards.svg\/1920px-Digital_terrestrial_television_standards.svg.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">So the question arises What exactly I&#8217;m I doing?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/LOttplMcMFDxevJsLH\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As many of you would have worked on some sort of SDRs, might have faced errors due to the Frequency Offset of the Device(due to Crystal oscillators heating). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So here we have a tool named Calibrate-SDR to save you from correcting frequency offset repetitively. Calibrate -SDR is based on the idea of synchronization of devices by a constant frequency part present in the signal. This tool currently uses DAB+ signals to calculate the PPM shifting in frequency. I am enhancing it by using the DVB-T signal for this purpose and try to help more people out there. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Further reading about initial Calibrate-SDR refer to this <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/?page_id=2111\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/?page_id=2111\" target=\"_blank\">blog<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Some words of wisdom about DVB-T signal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote has-text-align-left is-style-default\"><p><strong>DVB-T<\/strong>, short for <strong>Digital Video Broadcasting \u2014 Terrestrial<\/strong>, is the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_Video_Broadcasting\">DVB<\/a> European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_terrestrial_television\">digital terrestrial television<\/a> that was first published in 1997<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DVB-T#cite_note-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup> and first broadcast in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Singapore\">Singapore<\/a> in February 1998. This system transmits compressed digital audio, digital video, and other data in a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MPEG_transport_stream\">MPEG transport stream<\/a>, using coded <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orthogonal_frequency-division_multiplexing\">orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing<\/a> (COFDM or OFDM) modulation. It is also the format widely used worldwide (including North America) for <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Electronic_news-gathering\">Electronic News Gathering<\/a> for transmission of video and audio from a mobile newsgathering vehicle to a central receive point.<\/p><cite>Wikipedia<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to Wikipedia for providing historical details about this signal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Some Technical Details about signal.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Would suggest reading the technical standard for more detailed idea about it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.etsi.org\/deliver\/etsi_en\/300700_300799\/300744\/01.06.02_60\/en_300744v010602p.pdf\">https:\/\/www.etsi.org\/deliver\/etsi_en\/300700_300799\/300744\/01.06.02_60\/en_300744v010602p.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I would cover only the part that was of value for me. Going through this paper and some research. I found out that DVB-T signals have a constant part called pilot inside the ODFM frame structure of DVB-T.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Screenshot-from-2021-04-12-08-55-31.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2277\" width=\"788\" height=\"529\"\/><figcaption>Visit etsi.org for better image.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So in addition to the transmitted data an OFDM frame contains: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; scattered pilot cells;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; continual pilot carriers;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; TPS carriers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The modulation of all data cells is normalized so that E[c \u00d7 c\u2217]= 1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All cells which are continual or scattered pilots are transmitted at \u201cboosted power level\u201d so that for these E[c \u00d7c\u2217] = 16\/9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The pilots can be used for <strong>frame synchronization, frequency synchronization, time synchronization, channel estimation, transmission mode identification and can also be used to follow the phase noise.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The carriers are determined by Kmin = 0 and Kmax = 1 704 in2K mode and 6 816 in 8K mode respectively. The spacing between adjacent carriers is 1\/TU while the spacing between carriers Kmin and Kmax are determined by (K-1)\/TU. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"720\" height=\"349\" src=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Screenshot-from-2021-04-12-08-57-29.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2278\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The numerical values for the OFDM parameters for the 8K and2K modes are given in tables for 8 MHz channels, for 6 MHz and 7 MHz channels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Screenshot-from-2021-07-10-16-46-39.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2279\" width=\"800\" height=\"257\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Screenshot-from-2021-07-10-16-47-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2280\" width=\"745\" height=\"322\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>We would collect some continual pilots and average them to get an overall current frequency. We would create an array of all the indexes of the continual pilot and use it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Screenshot-from-2021-07-10-16-51-43.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2281\" width=\"760\" height=\"585\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Then we would subtract them with the known frequency of DVB-T. Hence, we would have the PPM shift.<\/strong> So that&#8217;s much of what we are doing for our tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/mF4k0YXIHDHzy\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"528\" height=\"270\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-style-default\"><p>It&#8217;s more interesting to work on once done with the boring Research work.<\/p><cite>Anonymous Developer<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Links &#8211;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Link to working repository is &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/AerospaceResearch\/CalibrateSDR\/tree\/dvbt\">https:\/\/github.com\/AerospaceResearch\/CalibrateSDR\/tree\/dvbt<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I am attaching a test file too for a better understanding of this tool. <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/19BxJ7DT6eu2dSEiKtyuir_98aO1qZTPO?usp=sharing\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/drive\/folders\/19BxJ7DT6eu2dSEiKtyuir_98aO1qZTPO?usp=sharing\">                         Test file<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some more paper &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ca.rstenpresser.de\/~cpresser\/tmp\/dvbt_7_paper.pdf\">https:\/\/ca.rstenpresser.de\/~cpresser\/tmp\/dvbt_7_paper.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ese.wustl.edu\/~nehorai\/paper\/Radar_Harms.pdf\">https:\/\/www.ese.wustl.edu\/~nehorai\/paper\/Radar_Harms.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw\/bitstream\/246246\/200704191002918\/1\/01258670.pdf\">http:\/\/ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw\/bitstream\/246246\/200704191002918\/1\/01258670.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">More Chat on-<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ayush-singh-101\/\">https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ayush-singh-101\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.zulipchat.com\/#narrow\/stream\/281823-CalibrateSDR\/topic\/Signal.3A.20DVB-T\">https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.zulipchat.com\/#narrow\/stream\/281823-CalibrateSDR\/topic\/Signal.3A.20DVB-T<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.giphy.com\/media\/KctrWMQ7u9D2du0YmD\/giphy.gif\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi everyone. I am writing this blog to share my work progress with everyone out there. I have been working on extending the limitations in the Calibrate-SDR tool by adding support of DVB-T and DVB-T2 (terrestrial) signals. Because these signals are broadly used in Europe, Africa, Australia, and Asia region. So can be used here &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/?p=2242\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u201e[GSoC&#8217;21|Calibrate-SDR|Ayush] DVB-T for calibration\u201c<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[25,27,26,29,28],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2242"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2283,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242\/revisions\/2283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aerospaceresearch.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}